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The potential emergence of a seabed mining industry has important ramifications for the diversification of critical mineral supply chains, revenues for developing nations with substantial terrestrial mining sectors, and global geopolitics. In this report, the authors present the results of a multi-pronged examination of each of these issues, exploring the likelihood and magnitude of their impacts to better inform planning […]
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For the United States, the objectives of both increasing the volume of critical minerals supplies and diversifying the sources of these supplies could be advanced by developing collaborations with African countries premised on scientific and technical exchanges in the mining sector. Beyond market supply and demand considerations, creating more diverse and resilient mineral supply chains is now a priority for […]
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This report examines the topic of global EV and battery supply chains, and specifically how countries are responding to the need to diversify EV supply chains away from China, while also navigating new geopolitical challenges and trade barriers being erected by the Trump administration in the US. The US reversal on trade and industrial policies is set to have an […]
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The report examines Zimbabwe’s mining sector and how it responds to the global energy transition, which has created an unprecedented demand for the exploration, extraction, processing and trade of critical minerals. The minerals include lithium, copper, and rare earth elements (REEs), used to manufacture renewable energy technologies such as electric vehicles, wind turbines, solar panels, and mobile phones.
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Australia’s exports of other critical minerals are estimated at $7.6 billion in 2024–25. Other critical mineral exports could be worth between $5.7 billion and $9.5 billion in real terms by 2029–30, depending on how much of Australia’s advanced project pipeline comes online. When combined with lithium and nickel, this could see Australia’s total critical minerals exports reach $19 billion in […]
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Today, the United States is 100 percent import reliant for 12 of the 50 minerals identified as critical by the U.S. Geopolitical tension and war have motivated the Geological Survey (USGS) and over 50 percent import advancement of critical minerals policies for nearly a reliant for another 29. China is the top producer for 29 century. At the start of […]
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Germanium is prominently featured on the critical minerals lists of most countries because of their reliance on imports, the limited substitution options, and the essential role it plays in producing goods vital to economies and national security. Germanium is a relatively rare element and is only recovered as a by-product of zinc smelting, the combustion of brown coal, and, most […]
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Manufacturing is now war by other means and critical materials, metals, and minerals play a central role. This brief report outlines ten geoeconomic experiences and ideas that were either used by previous generations of American leaders or new concepts which likely are applicable today. Where possible, these approaches emphasize channeling market and technological forces to maximize returns on taxpayer dollars […]
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Revolutionary shifts are underway in energy and mineral geopolitics. Clean tech has become a central demand driver of critical minerals, which have dual use applications in the defense sector. These technological transformations will influence the future of industrial power – and the United States is behind China in almost every sense. Bipartisan goals of mineral autonomy and technological superiority can […]
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