Rethinking resource development in the age of discontent

In a context of price volatility and intensifying geostrategic competition for critical energy transition minerals, a growing number of countries importing them have attempted to secure a stable and diversified supply through trade-related agreements. In 2023, 22 such agreements were signed. Producing countries, such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Namibia and Zimbabwe, have adopted export-restricting measures to leverage mineral resources for domestic […]